Contraception, or birth control, involves intentional methods to prevent pregnancy, with different approaches acting at various points in the reproductive process. Each method has unique side effects, risks, and effectiveness levels.
The use of contraceptives among women of reproductive age has increased over the years, but there’s still a significant unmet need. Millions of unintended pregnancies occur annually, with a portion attributed to contraceptive failure.
Characteristics of an Ideal Contraceptive:
An ideal contraceptive should be
1.Highly effective
2.Cost-effective
3.Have minimal side effects
4.Be independent of intercourse
5.Easily accessible
6.Rapidly reversible
7.Convenient.
Methods of Contraception:
Contraceptive methods include
1.Hormonal approaches (such as oral contraceptives and injections)
2.Sterilization (Tubal Ligation, Vasectomy)
3.Barrier methods (like condoms, diaphragm)
4.Implants
5.Intrauterine devices
6.Natural methods (Calender methods, coitus interruptus).
Reasons for Contraceptive Failure:
Factors contributing to contraceptive failure include human error (non-adherence), improper storage, interactions with other medications, and conditions like obesity.
Understanding the mechanisms, side effects, and effectiveness of various contraception methods is crucial for informed decision-making regarding family planning and reproductive health.
Dr. Hilary Agbonkhese
CTO, RxPress Health